Identify the semantic role

Exercise

You will be given some sentences where two or three noun phrases are marked off with square brackets. For each sentence:

• Identify the semantic roles of the noun phrases (agent, patient or recipient).
• Write a different sentence to describe the same situation, where the same roles are expressed in different ways.

Example:

• [The people we were staying with] cooked [us] [a traditional Normandy dinner]. _{[S1A-009 #125, adapted]}

Roles:

• the people we were staying with = agent; us = recipient; a traditional Normandy dinner = patient

Possible alternative sentences: 

• The people we were staying with cooked a traditional Normandy dinner for us.
• A traditional Normandy dinner was cooked for us by the people we were staying with.

Here are some sentences for you to work on in a similar way:

1. [He]’s been sent [a tax form]. _{[S1A-007 #256]}
2. [She] got sent [a huge sheaf of flowers] by [her son]. _{[S1A-019 #83, adapted]}
3. [The guards] hustled [Harry] out of the car. _{[W2F-012 #91]}
4. [Mum and Dad] gave [us] [ten rose bushes] as a house warming present. _{[W1B-001 #191]}
5. During the meeting [Kenneth’s Private Secretary] handed [me] [a message]. _{[W2B-012 #65]}

You can check your answers below when you have finished.

Answers

Note: You may have thought of other alternative sentences.

1. [He]’s been sent [a tax form].

• he = recipient; a tax form = patient.
• A tax form has been sent to him.
• He has received a tax form.

2. [She] got sent [a huge sheaf of flowers] by [her son].

• she = recipient; a huge sheaf of flowers = patient; her son = agent.
• Her son sent her a huge sheaf of flowers.
• Her son sent a huge sheaf of flowers to her.
• She received/got a huge sheaf of flowers from her son.
• A huge sheaf of flowers was sent to her by her son.

3. [The guards] hustled [Harry] out of the car.

• the guards = agent; Harry = patient
• Harry was hustled out of the car by the guards.

4. [Mum and Dad] gave [us] [ten rose bushes] as a house warming present.

• Mum and Dad = agent; us = recipient; ten rose bushes = patient
• We were given ten rose bushes as a house warming present by Mum and Dad.
• Ten rose bushes were given to us by Mum and Dad as a house warming present.
• Mum and Dad gave ten rose bushes to us as a house warming present.
• We received ten rose bushes from Mum and Dad as a house warming present.

5. During the meeting [Kenneth’s Private Secretary] handed [me] [a message].

• Kenneth’s Private Secretary = agent; me = recipient; a message = patient
• During the meeting I was handed a message by Kenneth’s Private Secretary.
• During the meeting Kenneth’s Private Secretary handed a message to me.
• During the meeting a message was handed to me by Kenneth’s Private Secretary.