Topic: Grammar and meaning

Activity 1

What does the term metaphor mean?

Can you think of an example? 

A metaphor is when a word or phrase is used to suggest a resemblance to a another thing or action. 

A metaphor uses language in a figurative - not literal - sense. 

When we call someone a sly fox we are implying that their behaviour is similar to a fox i.e. sneaky or crafty. 

What other animal metaphors can you think of? 

Goals:

• Identify and analsye the discourse features of newspaper articles
• Identify and analsye the register features of newspaper articles
• Apply these features in writing 

Lesson Plan

Before this lesson, you may want to complete the lesson An Introduction to Genre, so that learners are familiar with the key terms discourse structure and register

Warmer 

Discuss with a partner: 

• What was the last newspaper article you read? What was it about? 
• Why do people read newspapers and news websites?  
• What features do we expect to see in a newspaper article? Why are they used? 

Activity 1

Read Article A. Discuss the following questions: 

Warmer 

Discuss with a partner: 

• What adverts did you see on the way to school today? What made them memorable?
• What advert have you seen recently that stuck in your mind? Why? 
• What kind of writing and information do we normally see in adverts? 

Activity 1 

In pairs or small groups, read Adverts A and B. Take turns describing each text, and then discuss with your partner: 

Goals: 

• Identify common discourse and register features of advertisements
• Analyse how these features are used to achieve the desired effects 
• Plan, write and evaluate an advert using the same features 

Lesson Plan

Before this lesson, you may want to complete the lesson An Introduction to Genre, so that learners are familiar with the key terms discourse structure and register

Formal describes a more serious register. We use this for talking to people we don't know or who are in positions of authority. It is also used for talking to people older than us. It shows that we want to respect or impress the audience.

Informal describes a more relaxed register. We use this for talking to people we know well like friends and family. It is also used to talk to people the same age as us or younger. It shows that we feel comfortable with the audience.

Identify the grammatical form and the grammatical function

Now identify both the form and the function of the highlighted words in the following sentences.